Optics

Yes. Even if the implant prescription is perfect for distance vision, the child will need bifocals for reading close up.

This is when the axis of the positive cylinder in a pair of glasses is oriented at 90 degrees.

Babies have small eyes and are usually born hyperopic (far-sighted). Fortunately, they can accommodate their lens and still see near objects.

High sugar leads to accumulation of sorbitol in the lens, swelling the lens and creating more myopia (nearsightedness).

This is stiffness to the lens that occurs with age that makes it hard to read without glasses.

Accommodation is when the lens becomes “rounder” in order to focus nearby objects onto the retina.

A cylinder power (the refracting power of a lens) is 90 degrees from the axis of the cylinder.

These are ways to describe astigmatism in glasses. Ophthalmologists work in “plus” cylinder while optometrists like “minus” cylinder.

A hyperopic (farsighted) eye is a small eye, such that images focus behind the eye. It is treated with plus power lenses.

This is nearsightedness (also called short-sighted in other countries) which means that you can see near, but have problems with distant objects.